IEEE 802 standards

The standard that was set by IEEE for networking, specifically through local-area networking or LANs. Below is a listing of just some of the 802 standards currently referenced in the Computer Hope database. 

802.2
802.3
802.3ab
802.3ae
802.3u
802.3z
802.11a
802.11b
802.11g
802.12
802.16

LLC:

1. Short for Logical Link Control, LLC is the upper portion of the data link layer defined in IEEE 802.2. The LLC provides the user an interface to the data link layer of the OSI model and provides a uniform interface for users of the data link service. Today, 802.2 is considered inactive.

• Computer network and network card help and support

2. Short for Limited Liability Corporation, a LLC is a corporation started by small businesses or business owners that allows a business to be a corporation without the high taxes and allows the owners to not be held responsible, only the company.

Ethernet:

             Originally known as Alto Aloha Network, Ethernet is a widely used local-area network (LAN) protocol originally created by Xerox PARC in 1973 by Robert Metcalfe and others (U.S. Patent # 4,063,220). Being the first network to provide Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Detection (CSMA/CD), Ethernet is a fast and reliable network solution that is still widely used today. Below is a listing of different standards of Ethernet and additional information about each of them.

Ethernet II / DIX / 802.3:

          Ethernet II is a revised version of Ethernet rewritten by with Digital Equipment Corp, Intel, and Xerox. Ethernet II, also known as DIX, (Digital, Intel, and Xerox) and 802.3.

Fast Ethernet / 100BASE-T / 802.3u:

        Fast Ethernet is also referred to as 100BASE-T or 802.3u and is a communications protocol that enables computers on a local-area network to share information with one another at rates of 100 million bits per second instead of the standard 10 million BPS. Fast Ethernet works over Category 5 twisted-pair wiring.

           There are two available 100BASE-T standards. The first standard known as 100BASE-T utilizes CSMA/CD. The second standard, known as 100VG-AnyLAN or 802.12, is similar to the other standard; however, it utilizes a different Ethernet frame to send its data.

100BASE-T is available in three different cable technologies:

1. 100BASE-T4 = Utilizes four pairs of telephone-grade twisted-pair wire and is used for networks that need a low-quality twisted-pair on a 100-Mbps Ethernet.
2. 100BASE-TX = Developed by ANSI 100BASE-TX is also known as 100BASE-X, 100BASE-TX uses two wire data grade twisted-pair wire
3. 100BASE-FX = Developed by ANSI, 100BASE-FX utilizes 2 stands of fiber cable.

Ethernet SNAP:

           Ethernet SNAP is short for Ethernet SubNetwork Access Protocol and is an Ethernet protocol that enabled old and new protocols to be encapsulated in a type 1 LLC.

Gigabit Ethernet / 1000BASE-T / 802.3z / 802.ab:

        Gigabit Ethernet is also known as 1000BASE-T or 802.3z / 802.3ab is a later Ethernet technology that utilizes all four copper wires in a Category 5 (Cat 5 & Cat 5e) capable of transferring 1 Gbps.

10 Gigabit Ethernet / 802.3ae:

          10 Gigabit Ethernet is also known as 802.3ae is a new standard that supports 10.000 Gb/s.

1000BASE-CX:

          A copper cable gigabit Ethernet standard that is no longer used. This standard has been replaced by 1000BASE-T.

1000BASE-LX:

          A fiber optic gigabit Ethernet standard that operates over single-mode fiber.

1000BASE-SX:

         A fiber optic gigabit Ethernet standard that operates over multi-mode fiber with typical distances of up to 550 meters (1804 feet)

Ethernet adapter:

        An Ethernet adapter or Ethernet controller is a term used to describe an Ethernet network card used to connect a desktop computer to a network. If you are looking for network adapter drivers, you can find them through our network drivers page.

IEEE 802.11:

       The IEEE 802.11 is a standard introduced by IEEE in June 1997 used for wireless Ethernet networks. Below is a listing of each of the wireless IEEE standards currently available. Home users should only be concerned about 802.11a, 802.11b, or 802.11g for their home wireless network.

Standard	Description
IEEE 802.11	The initial release of the standard capable of transmissions of 1 to 2 Mbps and operates in the 2.4 GHz band.
IEEE 802.11a	Capable of transmissions of up to 54 Mbps and operates in the 5 GHz band.
IEEE 802.11b	Introduced in 1999, 802.11b is capable of transmissions of up to 11 Mbps and operates in the 2.4 GHz band.
IEEE 802.11c	Defines wireless bridge operations
IEEE 802.11d	Defines standards for companies developing wireless products in different countries.
IEEE 802.11e	Defines enhancements to the 802.11 MAC for QoS.
IEEE 802.11f	Defines Inter Access Point Protocol (IAPP)
IEEE 802.11g	Capable of transmissions of up to 20 Mbps and operates in the 2.4, 3.6 and 5 GHz bands.
IEEE 802.11i	Improved encryption (WPA).
IEEE 802.11j	802.11 extension used in Japan.
IEEE 802.11n	Operates using the 2.4GHz and 5GHz bandwidths. It utilizes multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) antennas to improve data transfer speeds.

WiMAX:

                   Alternatively referred to as IEEE 802.16, WiMAX is short for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access and is a wireless microwave technology used in MAN that provides connections up to 75Mbs as far away as 30 miles providing 30 to 40 megabit/sec data transfer speeds. An update in 2011 allowed WiMAX to provide up to a 1 gigabit/sec transfer speed. In a basic sense, WiMAX is similar to WiFi technology, except that it can provide much higher data transfer rates, causing some people to call it "WiFi on steroids". It is also based on the IEEE 802.16 standard, whereas WiFi is based on the IEEE 802.11 standard.

                   Now referred to as Fixed WiMAX, the standard was originally published in 2001. WiMAX can provide internet access across cities and even countries, using various devices for connectivity. For those customers that are unable to get broadband cable or DSL access, WiMAX may provide an alternative option for them for getting Internet access. It's also possible to use WiMAX for VoIP phone calls and IPTV services.